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< Vol. 11 Issue 2 | May-Aug 2013 | pp. 73 - 128

The dose response relationship between intervertebral disc flexion-extension neutral zone metrics and injected genipin concentration

Abstract

Purpose: Quantify changes in the flexion - extension neutral zone of the intervertebral disc with injections of increasing genipin concentration.
Methods: Bovine motion segments were treated with varying concentrations of genipin using bilateral injections of constant volume. After overnight static compression loading of the treated segments, anterior- posterior offset loading was used to simulate flexion - extension motion. Range of motion, neutral zone length, neutral zone stiffness, and an instability score were measured.
Results: Injection of the disc annulus with increasing concentrations of genipin resulted in corresponding changes in flexion-extension neutral zone. A minimum concentration of 40 mM was needed to observe a significant change. The largest changes were observed with the 400 mM injection. Netural zone stability was the most sensitive of the metrics with a percent change of 48% at 40 mM and over 200% at 400 mM.
Conclusion: This study establishes the efficacy of using injection delivery to affect disc joint mechanics and quantifies the dose response between injected genipin and the flexion-extension stability of the disc.

J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2013; 11(2): 73 - 79

Article Type: ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

DOI:10.5301/JABFM.5000151

Authors

Bryan C. Kirking, Justin K. Toungate, Thomas P. Hedman

Article History

  • • Accepted on 12/09/2012
  • • Available online on 31/05/2013
  • • Published online on 13/09/2013

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Authors

  • Kirking, Bryan C. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas - USA and Orthopeutics, L.P., Lexington, KY - USA
  • Toungate, Justin K. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
    Orthopeutics, L.P., Lexington, KY - USA
  • Hedman, Thomas P. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas - USA; Orthopeutics, L.P., Lexington, KY - USA and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY - USA

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